Publikationen des Arbeitsbereichs

Accepted & in press

Schindler, S., …, Nikitin, J., … Schuster, C. (accepted). Policy as normative influence? On the relationship between parental leave policy and social norms in gender division of childcare across 48 countries. British Journal of Social Psychology

Bick, N., Froehlich, L., Voltmer, J.-B., Raimann, J., Reich-Stiebert, N., Seidel, N., Burchart, M., Martiny, S.E., Nikitin, J., Stürmer, S., & Martin, A. (in press). Virtually isolated: Social identity threat predicts social approach motivation via sense of belonging in computer-supported collaborative learning. Frontiers in Psychology: Educational Psychology

2025

Radjenovic, S., Rupprecht, F. S., & Nikitin, J. (2025). Navigating life's twists and turns: characteristics of life events across adulthood. European Journal of Ageing, 22 (1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-025-00838-0

2024

Goetz, T., Steiner, W., Graf, E., Stempfer, L., Ristl, C., Rupprecht, F. S., Donath, J. L., Botes, E., & Nikitin, J. (2024). Assessing psychological variables on mobile devices: An introduction to the experience sampling app ESM-Quest. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1271422. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1271422

Nikitin, J., Luchetti, M., Alimanovic, N., Rupprecht, F. S., & Sutin, A. (2014). Are social interactions more meaningful in older adulthood? Psychology and Aging. Advance online publication. doi.org10.1027/pag0000827

Korlat, S., Kollmayer, M., Haider, C., Hlavacs, H., Martinek, D., Pazour, P., & Spiel, C. (2024). PhyLab - A virtual reality laboratory for experiments in physics: Intervention effectiveness and gender differences. Frontiers in psychology, 15, article 1283597. doi.org/103389/fpsyg.2024.1284597

Matt, E. I., Radjenovic, S., Mitterwallner, M., & Bernsteiner, R. Current State of Clinical Ultrasound Neuromodulation. Frontiers of Neuroscience, 18, 1420255.

Job, V., Mlynski, C., & Nikitin, J. (2024). Challenging the law of least effort. Current Opinion in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101881

Radjenovic, S., Rupprecht, F. S., & Nikitin, J. (2024). Establishing and maintaining social relationships during significant life events: The role of age. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, gbae144, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbae144

Sabatini, S.; Rupprecht, F.S.; Kaspar, R.; Klusmann, V.; Kornadt, A.; Nikitin, J.; Schönstein, A.; Stephan, Y.; Wettstein, M.; Wurm, S.; Diehl, M.; Wahl, H.-W. (2024) Successful aging and subjective aging: Toward a framework to research a neglected connection. The Gerontologist, gnae051, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnae051

Nikitin, J., Luchetti, M., Alimanovic, N., Rupprecht, F.S., & Sutin, A. R. (2024). Are social interactions more meaningful in older age? Psychology and Aging. Advance online publication. doi.org/10.1037/pag0000827

Battista, S., Giardulli, B., Sieiro Santos, C., Aharonov, O., Puttaswamy, D. Russell, A. M., Gupta, L. Digital Health and Self-Management in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Missed Opportunity?. Curr Rheumatol Rep (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-024-01157-6

2023

de Paula Couto MC, Nikitin J, Graf S, Fung HH, Hess TM, Liou S, Rothermund K. (2023) Do we all perceive experiences of age discrimination in the same way? Cross-cultural differences in perceived age discrimination and its association with life satisfaction. European Jornual of Ageing, 20(1), doi: 10.1007/s10433-023-00790-x

Grillich, L., Titscher, V., Klingenstein, P., Kostial, E., Klerins, I., Emprechtinger, R., Sommer, I., Nikitin, J., & Laireiter, A. (2023). The effectiveness of interventions to prevent loneliness and social isolation: an overview of reviews and meta-analysis. European Journal of Public Health, Volume 33, Issue 2,  235–241, doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad006

de Paula Couto, C., Rupprecht, F. S., Nikitin, J., & Rothermund, K. (2023). Willingness to live under impairment - Determinants of desired longevity. Innovation in Aging, Volume 7, Issue 8, doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad092

Cohn-Schwartz, E., de Paula Couto, C., Fung, H., Graf, S., Hess, T.M., Liou, S., Nikitin, J., & Rothermund, K. (2023). Contact with older adults is related to positive age stereotypes and self-vies of aging: The older you are the more you profit. The Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 78(8), 1330-1340. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbad038

Kaspar, R., Schilling, O. K., Diehl, M., Gerstorf, D., Rupprecht, F. S., Sabatini, S. & Wahl, H.W. (2023). Differences in self-perceptions of aging across the adult lifespan: The sample case of awareness of age-related gains and losses. Psychology and Aging, 23(3), 824-836. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000783

Olsson, M. I. T., van Grootel, S., Block, K., Schuster, C., Meussen, L., Van Laar, C., Schmader, T., Croft, A., Sun, M. S., …….., Nikitin, J., ……., Martiny, S. (2023). Gender gap in parental leave intentions: Evidence from 37 countries. Political Psychology. doi.org/10.1111/pops.12880

Radjenovic, S., Ristl, C., & Nikitin, J. (2023). Experiencing a significant life event during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of perceived control. PLoS ONE, 18, e0279820. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279820

2022

Luchetti, M., Ledermann, T., Aschwanden, D., Nikitin, J., O’Súilleabháin, P.S., Stephan, Y., Terracciano, A., & Sutin, A. R. (in press). Actor and partner effect of loneliness on episodic memory and verbal fluency: A dyadic multilevel analysis of romantic couples across 28 countries. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 77, 2202-2211. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac086

de Paula Couto, C. P., Fung, H. H., Graf, S., Hess, T., Liou, S., Nikitin, J., & Rothermund, K. (2022). Predictors and consequences of endorsing prescriptive views of active aging and disengagement. Frontiers in Psychology: Psychology of Aging. doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.807726

Froehlich, L., Brokjøb, L. G., Nikitin, J., & Martiny, S. E. (2022). Integration or isolation: Social identity threat relates to immigrant students’ sense of belonging and social approach motivation in the academic context. Journal of Social Issues. Advance online publication. doi.org/10.1111/josi.12548

Hoppler, S. S., Segerer, R., & Nikitin, J. (2022). The six components of social interactions: Actor, partner, relation, activities, context, and evaluation. Frontiers in Psychology: Personality and Social Psychology, 12:6528. doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.743074

Karahasanović, N., Gruber, T., Dörl, G., Radjenovic, S., Kolarova, T., Matt, E., & Beisteiner, R. (2022). Brain Plasticity in fMRI and DTI. In C. Stippich (Ed.), Clinical Functional MRI (pp. 387-406). Springer, Cham.

Kim-Knauss, Y., Lang, F. R., Rupprecht, F. S., Martin, K., & Fung, H. H. (2022). COVID-19 worries predict aging preparation: Culture- and domain-specific perspectives. The Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Science, 37(2), 260-271. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000661

Korlat, S., Holzer, J., Reiter, J., Pelikan, E. R., Schober, B., Spiel, C., & Lüftenegger, M. (2022). The role of the Big Two in socially responsible behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: Agency and communion in adolescents' personal norm and behavioral adherence to instituted measures. PloS one, 17(6), e0269018. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269018

Korlat, S., Holzer, J., Schultes, M.-T., Bürger, S., Schober, B., Spiel, C., & Kollmayer, M. (2022). Benefits of psychological androgyny in adolescence: The role of gender role self-concept in school-related well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 13:856758. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.856758

Korlat, S., Schultes M-T., Schober, B., Spiel, C., & Kollmayer, M. (2022). Adolescents’ gender role identity and occupational aspirations: Gender typicality, prestige and leadership desire. Journal of Career Development. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/08948453221100744

Nikitin, J., Rupprecht, F. S., & Ristl, C. (2022). Experiences of solitude in adulthood and old age. The role of autonomy. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 1-10. doi.org/10.1177/01650254221117498

Rupprecht, F. S., Martin, K., Kamin, S. T., & Lang, F. R. (2022). COVID-19 and perceiving finitude: Associations with future time perspective, death anxiety, and ideal life expectancy. Psychology and Aging, 37(2), 260-271. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000661

2021

Bellingtier, J. A., Rupprecht, F. S., Neupert, S. D., & Lang, F. R. (2021). Daily experiences of subjective age discordance and well-being. Psychology and Aging, 36(6), 744-751. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000621

Gong, X., & Nikitin, J. (2021). “When I feel lonely, I’m not nice (and neither are you)”: The short- and long-term relation between loneliness and reports of social behaviour. Cognition and Emotion. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2021.1905612

Holzer, J., Korlat, S., Mayerhofer, M., Pelikan, E.R., Schober, B., Spiel, C., Toumazi, T., Salmela-Aro, K., Käser, U., Schultze-Krumbholz, A., Wachs, S., Dabas, M., Verma, S., Iliev, D., Andonovska-Trajkovska, D., Plichta, P., Pyżalski, J., Walter, N., Michałek-Kwiecień, J., Lewandowska-Walter, A., Wright, M.F., & Lüftenegger, M. (2021). Adolescent Well-Being and Learning in Times of COVID-19 – A Multi-Country Study of Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction, Learning Behavior, and the Mediating Role of Well-being. PLoS ONE 16(5): e0251352. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251352

Lang, F. R., & Rupprecht, F. S. (2021). Perceived personal deadlines for late-life preparation across adulthood. European Journal of Ageing, 18(2), 227-238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-020-00581-8https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-020-00581-8   

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2021). Does focusing on others enhance subjective well-being? The role of age, motivation, and relationship closeness. Psychology and Aging, 36(1), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000489

Nikitin, J., & Schoch, S. (2021). Social approach and avoidance motivations. In R. J. Coplan & J. C. Bowker (Eds.), Handbook of solitude: Psychological perspectives on social isolation, social withdrawal, and being alone (2nd edition) (pp. 191-208). New York, NY: Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119576457

Nikitin, J., Wünsche, J., Bühler, J. L., Weidmann, R., Burriss, R. P., & Grob, A. (2021). Interdependence of approach and avoidance goals in romantic couples over days and months. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 76(7), 1251-1263. https://doi.org/10.093/geronb/gbaa149

Korlat, S., Foerst, N., Schultes, M.-T., Schober, B., Spiel, C., & Kollmayer, M. (2021). Gender role identity and gender intensification: Agency and communion in adolescents’ spontaneous selfdescriptions. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 19(1), 64-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2020.1865143

Radjenovic, S., Voracek, M., & Adler, G. (2021). Validierungsstudie zum Cookie Theft Picture Test. Psychiatrische Praxis, 48(03), 149-155. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1207-1255

Rahn, G., Martiny, S. E., & Nikitin, J. (2021). Feeling out of place: Internalized age stereotypes are associated with older employees’ sense of belonging and social motivation. Work, Aging and Retirement, 7(1), 61-77. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/waaa005

Rupprecht, F. S., Martin, K., Kamin, S. T., & Lang, F. R. (2021). COVID-19 and perceiving finitude: Associations with future time perspective, death anxiety, and ideal life expectancy. Psychology and Aging, 37(2), 260-271. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000661

Rupprecht, F. S., Martin, K., & Lang, F. R. (2021). Aging-related fears and their associations with ideal life expectancy. European Journal of Ageing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-021-00661-3

Ungar, N., Rupprecht, F. S., Steindorf, K., Wiskemann, J., & Sieverding, M. (2021). Worse or even better than expected? Outcome expectancies and behavioral experiences in the context of physical activity among cancer patients. Journal of Health Psychology, 26(5), 659-671. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105319832345

2020

Bühler, J. L., & Nikitin, J. (2020). Sociohistorical context and adult social development: New directions for 21st century research. American Psychologist, 75(4), 457–469. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000611

de Bruin, S. R., Billings, J., Stoop, A., Lette, M., Ambugo, E. A., Gadsby, E., Häusler, C., Obermann, K., Ahi, G.-P., Reynolds, J., Ruppe, G., Tram, N., Wistow, G., Zonneveld, N., Nijpels, G., Baan, C. (2020). Different contexts, similar challenges: SUSTAIN’s experiences with improving integrated care in Europe. International Journal of Integrated Care, 20(2), 1–5. http://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.5492

Drace, S., Korlat, S., Dokic, R. (2020). When stereotype threat makes me more intelligent: The informative role of threat related emotions in effort mobilization and task performance. British Journal of Social Psychology, 59(1), 137-156. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12327

MacInnes, J., Gadsby, E., Reynolds, J., Mateu, N. C., Lette, M., Ristl, C., Billings, J. (2020). Exploring the team climate of health and social care professionals implementing integrated care for older people in Europe. International Journal of Integrated Care, 20(4), 1-13. http://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.5467

Rothermund, K., de Paula Couto, C. P., Fung, H., Graf, S., Hess, T. M., Liou, S., & Nikitin, J. (2020). Age-related attributions of experienced changes in life: Origins and Implications. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 76(5), 881-893. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa160

Rupprecht, F. S., & Lang, F. R. (2020). Personal ideals of aging and longevity: The role of subjective discordances. Psychology and Aging, 35(3), 385-396. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000455

2019

Bühler, J. L., Weidmann, R., Nikitin, J., Grob, A. (2019). A closer look at life goals across adulthood: Applying a developmental perspective to content, dynamics, and outcomes of goal importance and goal attainability. European Journal of Personality, 33(2), 359-384. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2194

Martiny, S. E., & Nikitin, J. (2019). Social identity threat in interpersonal relationships: Activating negative stereotypes decreases social approach motivation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 25(1), 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000198

Nikitin, J., Gong, X., Schoch, S., & Freund, A. M. (2019). Social motives, attributions and expectations as predictors of the decision to participate in a speed-dating event. Motivation and Emotion, 43(2), 610-624. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-019-09762-0

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2019). Adaptation process of aging. In R. Fernandez-Ballesteros, J. M. Robine, & A. Benetos (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of successful aging (pp. 281-298). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2019). Individual differences in habitual social goals and daily well‐being: The role of age and relationship closeness. European Journal of Personality, 33(3), 337-358. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2190

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2019). The motivational power of the happy face. Brain Sciences, 9(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9010006

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2019). Who cares? Effects of social approach and avoidance motivation on responsiveness to others. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 45(2), 182-195. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167218781335

Lang, F. R., & Rupprecht, F. S. (2019). Motivation for longevity across the life span: An emerging issue. Innovation in Aging, 3(2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz014

Lang, F. R., & Rupprecht, F. S. (2019). Time perspective across adulthood. In: D. Gu & M. E. Dupre (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_116-1

Ruppe, G., Häusler, C., Kon, D., Psihoda, S., Stückler, A., Tauber, M., & Zgud, J. (2019). Forschung zu Altern und demografischem Wandel in Österreich - Situation und Perspektive 2018/2019. http://www.netzwerk-altern.at/forschungsstandbericht

Rupprecht, F. S., Dutt, A. J., Wahl, H.-W., & Diehl, M. K. (2019). The role of personality in becoming aware of age-related changes. GeroPsych, 32(2), 57-67. https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000204

2018

Doh, M., Jokisch, M. R., Rupprecht, F. S., Schmidt, L. I., & Wahl, H.-W. (2018). Förderliche und hinderliche Faktoren im Umgang mit neuen Informations- und Kommunikations-Technologien im Alter – Befunde aus der Initiative der „Senioren-Technik-Botschafter“. In C. Kuttner & C. Schwender (Eds.), Mediale Lehr-Lern-Kulturen im höheren Erwachsenenalter (pp. 223-242). Kopaed.

Dutt, A. J., Wahl, H.-W., & Rupprecht, F. S. (2018). Mindful vs. mind full: Processing strategies moderate the association between subjective aging experiences and depressive symptoms. Psychology and Aging, 33(4), 630-642. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000245

Freund, A. M., & Nikitin, J. (2018). Entwicklung im jungen und mittleren Erwachsenenalter [Development in young and middle adulthood]. In W. Schneider, & U. Lindenberger (Eds.), Entwicklungspsychologie (8. Auflage) (pp. 265-290). Weinheim, Basel: Beltz.

Häusler, C., & Ruppe, G. (2018). SUSTAIN Country Reports. Country Report Austria. https://www.sustain-eu.org/products/sustain-country-reports/

Job, V., Sieber, V., Rothermund, K., & Nikitin, J. (2018). Age differences in implicit theories about willpower: Why older people endorse a nonlimited theory. Psychology and Aging, 33(6), 940-952. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000285

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2018). Feeling loved and integrated or lonely and rejected in everyday life: The role of age and social motivation. Developmental Psychology, 54(6), 1186-1198. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000502

2017

Job, V., Nikitin, J., Zhang, S. X., Carr, P. B., & Walton, G. M. (2017). Social traces of generic humans increase the value of everyday objects. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43(6), 785-792. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167217697694

Nikitin, J., & Hennecke, M. (Eds.) (2017). Nevěřte tvořivým a dalších 99 psychologických výzkumů. [Don’t trust the creative and other 99 psychological studies]. Praha, Czech Republic: Portál

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2017). Social motives predict loneliness in a developmental transition. Swiss Journal of Psychology, 76(4), 145-153. https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000201

2016

Kapella, O., Häusler, C., & Rille-Pfeiffer, C. (2016). Ein Gesprächsleitfaden für Kindergartenfachkräfte für das Elternberatungsgespräch im Rahmen der Bund-Länder-Vereinbarung (15aVereinbarung). https://www.oif.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/p_oif/andere_Publikationen/leitfaden_eltern_v4_FINAL.pdf

2015

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2015). Adult age differences in frequency estimations of happy and angry faces. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 39, 266-274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025414542838

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2015). The indirect nature of social motives: The relation of social approach and avoidance motives with likeability via extraversion and agreeableness. Journal of Personality, 83, 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12086

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2015). What you want to avoid is what you see: Social avoidance motivation affects the interpretation of emotional faces. Motivation and Emotion, 39, 384-391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-014-9459-5

Nikitin, J., & Hennecke, M. (Eds.) (2015). 100 psychologische Denkfallen: Warum wir hinterher glauben, es vorher besser gewusst zu haben. [100 psychological thinking traps: Why later we believe that we knew it all along]. Weinheim, Germany: Beltz.

Schoch, S., Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2015). Why do(n’t) you like me? The role of social approach and avoidance motives in attributions following social acceptance and rejection. Motivation and Emotion, 39, 680-692. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-015-9482-1

Valero, D., Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2015). The effect of age and time perspective on implicit motives. Motivation and Emotion, 39, 175-181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-014-9453-y

2014

Nikitin, J., & Schoch, S. (2014). Social approach and avoidance motivations. In R. J. Coplan & J. C. Bowker (Eds.), Handbook of solitude: Psychological perspectives on social isolation, social withdrawal, and being alone (pp. 202-223). New York, NY: Wiley-Blackwell.

Nikitin, J., Schoch, S., & Freund, A. M. (2014). The role of age and motivation for the experience of social acceptance and rejection. Developmental Psychology, 50, 1943- 1950. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036979

2013

Freund, A. M., Weiss. D., & Nikitin, J. (2013). Modelle der Handlungsmotivation zur erfolgreichen Entwicklung [Action-motivation models of successful development]. In L. Ahnert (Ed.), Theorien in der Entwicklungspsychologie (pp. 282-306). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer.

2012

Freund, A. M., & Nikitin, J. (2012). Entwicklung im jungen und mittleren Erwachsenenalter [Development in young and middle adulthood]. In W. Schneider, & U. Lindenberger (Eds.), Entwicklungspsychologie (7. Auflage) (pp. 259-282). Weinheim, Basel: Beltz.

Freund, A. M., Riediger, M., & Nikitin, J. (2012). Successful aging. In R. M. Lerner, A. Easterbrooks, & J. Mistry (Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of psychology: Volume 6: Developmental psychology (pp. 615-638). New York, NY: Wiley.

Nikitin, J., Burgermeister, L. C., & Freund, A. M. (2012). The role of age and social motivation in developmental transitions in young and old adulthood. Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, 3:366. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00366

2011

Bowers, E. P., Gestsdottir, S., Geldhof, G. J., Nikitin, J., von Eye, A., & Lerner, R. M. (2011). Developmental trajectories of intentional self regulation in adolescence: The role of parenting and implications for positive and problematic outcomes among diverse youth. Journal of Adolescence, 34, 1193-1206. doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.07.006

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2011). Age and motivation predict gaze behavior for facial expressions. Psychology and Aging, 26, 695-700. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023281

2010

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2010). A motivational perspective on reactions to emotional faces. In A. Freitas-Magalhães (Ed.), Emotional expression: The brain and the face (Vol. 2, pp. 85-108). Oporto, Portugal: University Fernando Pessoa Press.

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2010). When wanting and fearing go together: The effect of co-occurring social approach and avoidance motivation on behavior, affect, and cognition. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 783-804. doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.650

2009

Freund, A. M., Nikitin, J., & Ritter, J. O. (2009). Psychological consequences of longevity: The increasing importance of self-regulation in old age. Human Development, 52, 1-37. https://doi.org/10.1159/000189213

2008

Nikitin, J., & Freund, A. M. (2008). The role of social approach and avoidance motives for subjective well-being and the successful transition to adulthood. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57, 90-111. doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00356.x